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OmmyCare

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🩺 Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)

Disease Overview

Second Trimester

High blood glucose first diagnosed during pregnancy

Causes

1 . Placental hormones cause insulin resistance
2 . pancreas cannot compensate

Risk Factors

1 . Obesity
2 . family history of diabetes
3 . previous GDM
4 . age >25
5 . non-white ethnicity
6 . PCOS

Prevention

1 . Achieve healthy weight before conception
2 . balanced diet
3 . regular physical activity

Symptoms

1 . Often asymptomatic
2 . possible increased thirst and urination

Complications

Complications can arise during pregnancy and may affect both the mother and the baby.

Mother's Complications

Complications that may affect the mother during pregnancy.

1 . pre-eclampsia
2 . need for C-section
3 . higher risk of future type 2 diabetes

Baby's Complications

Complications that may affect the baby during pregnancy.

1 . macrosomia
2 . birth injuries
3 . neonatal hypoglycemia
4 . respiratory distress
5 . future metabolic disease

Treatment Options

Evidence-based approaches for management

Treatment Options

1 . diet with fiber, low in refined carbs
2 . exercise
3 . home glucose monitoring

Medical Treatment

1 . if lifestyle insufficient—insulin is standard
2 . some oral agents accepted

Nutritional Treatment

Videos

Educational videos about this condition and its management

Gestational Diabetes

Gestational Diabetes, Animation

Educational VideoEN

Gestational Diabetes

Gestational Diabetes (Pregnancy Diabetes) | Causes, Risk Factors, Symptoms, Consequences, Treatment

Educational VideoEN